Trademark & Copyright Policy

Hostwover respects intellectual property rights and expects Customers to respect the intellectual property rights of others.

This Policy establishes procedures relating to:

• copyright complaints.
• trademark complaints.
• hosted content.
• domains.
• counterfeit or impersonating content.
• copyright takedown requests.
• counter-notifications where applicable.
• repeat infringement.
• complaints concerning third-party infrastructure.
• Customer responses.
• restoration of content.
• false complaints; and
• intellectual property-related legal requests.

Intellectual property rights may include rights relating to:

• copyrighted works.
• trademarks.
• service marks.
• trade names.
• logos.
• software.
• photographs.
• videos.
• music.
• written material.
• designs.
• databases.
• graphical material; and
• other legally protected works or identifiers.

The existence and scope of a particular right depend on applicable law.

Where applicable, intellectual property matters involving Hostwover may be subject to Egyptian Law No. 82 of 2002 on the Protection of Intellectual Property Rights, as amended or supplemented.

That legal framework addresses, among other matters, trademark and copyright protection in Egypt.

Nothing in this Policy constitutes a definitive interpretation of Egyptian intellectual property law for a particular dispute.

Hostwover Services may be used by Customers and rights holders located in different countries.

A complaint may therefore involve:

• Egyptian law.
• another country's copyright law.
• another country's trademark law.
• international treaties.
• domain-name policies; or
• another applicable legal framework.

Hostwover may consider the law and procedure reasonably relevant to the Service and complaint.

Hostwover may provide different types of Services in different capacities.

Depending on the Service, Hostwover may act as:

• hosting provider.
• infrastructure provider.
• reseller.
• domain reseller.
• subscription reseller.
• technical intermediary.
• account provider; or
• another service provider.

Hostwover's ability to remove or restrict allegedly infringing material depends on its actual control over the relevant Service.

Hostwover does not ordinarily act as:

• a copyright court.
• trademark tribunal.
• arbitrator.
• UDRP panel.
• expert witness; or
• final adjudicator of complex intellectual property disputes.

Where competing parties raise legitimate legal claims that cannot reasonably be determined through Hostwover's operational review, Hostwover may require the parties to use the appropriate:

• court.
• arbitration.
• UDRP.
• URS.
• registrar procedure.
• registry procedure; or
• other legally recognized process.

A complaint does not automatically establish infringement.

Hostwover may review:

• the identity of the complainant.
• claimed rights.
• allegedly infringing material.
• location of the material.
• legal basis.
• supporting evidence.
• Customer response.
• applicable exceptions or defenses; and
• Hostwover's technical authority.

Intellectual property complaints must be submitted in good faith.

A complainant should have a reasonable basis for believing that the complained-of activity infringes rights that the complainant owns or is authorized to enforce.

A complaint may be submitted by:

• the rights holder.
• lawyer.
• licensing agent.
• enforcement company.
• authorized brand-protection provider; or
• another authorized representative.

Hostwover may request evidence that a representative is authorized to act for the rights holder.

Copyright may protect original works such as:

• text.
• photographs.
• illustrations.
• software.
• videos.
• music.
• graphics.
• website content.
• books.
• recordings.
• code; and
• other qualifying creative works.

Whether a particular work qualifies for protection depends on applicable law.

A person submitting a copyright complaint should identify the copyrighted work and explain why that person:

• owns the copyright; or
• is authorized to act for the copyright owner.

Whether formal registration is required to own, enforce, or litigate a copyright claim depends on the applicable jurisdiction and requested remedy.

Hostwover will not automatically reject a copyright complaint merely because no registration number is provided.

A copyright complaint should identify:

• the copyrighted work.
• the allegedly infringing material.
• the exact location of the material.
• the complainant.
• contact information.
• basis of ownership or authority; and
• requested action.

For online content, complainants should provide specific URLs where possible.

A complaint identifying only an entire:

• website.
• domain.
• server; or
• account

may be insufficient where the allegedly infringing material can reasonably be identified more precisely.

A complaint may identify multiple copyrighted works.

The complainant should provide sufficient information for Hostwover to identify the relevant works and corresponding allegedly infringing material.

Screenshots can assist an investigation but should normally be accompanied by the actual URL or location of the material.

Depending on the circumstances, useful copyright evidence may include:

• original publication.
• registration information.
• source files.
• licensing documents.
• contracts.
• publication history.
• ownership statements; or
• other evidence reasonably demonstrating rights.

A person may lawfully use copyrighted material under:

• license.
• permission.
• assignment.
• employment agreement.
• contractual authorization; or
• another legal basis.

The existence of identical or similar material does not automatically prove infringement.

Applicable copyright law may recognize exceptions or limitations such as:

• quotation.
• criticism.
• review.
• education.
• research.
• news reporting.
• parody.
• fair use.
• fair dealing; or
• other authorized uses.

The precise rules vary by jurisdiction.

Hostwover may decline to make a complex legal determination where a valid exception or defense is genuinely disputed.

Where a complaint involves a potentially legitimate fair-use, fair-dealing, quotation, parody, or comparable issue, Hostwover may request further information or require the parties to resolve the dispute through an appropriate legal process.

Where Hostwover reasonably determines that allegedly infringing content is:

• hosted on infrastructure under Hostwover's control; and
• subject to an applicable takedown procedure,

Hostwover may:

• notify the Customer.
• request removal.
• disable access to specific material.
• suspend affected content.
• restrict the Service; or
• take another appropriate action.

Where technically practical, Hostwover may seek to disable the specific allegedly infringing material rather than an entire account or Service.

Broader action may be necessary where:

• infringement is widespread.
• the Service is primarily dedicated to infringement.
• specific removal is technically impossible.
• repeated violations occur; or
• applicable law or provider requirements require broader action.

Hostwover may first request that the Customer voluntarily remove or disable access to disputed material where appropriate.

Hostwover may take faster action where a complaint involves circumstances such as:

• clearly unauthorized commercial distribution.
• repeated infringement.
• large-scale piracy.
• fraudulent impersonation combined with infringement.
• provider requirements.
• court orders; or
• another significant legal or operational risk.

Where allegedly infringing material resides on a Customer-managed VPS or VDS, Hostwover may:

• forward the complaint.
• request Customer action.
• restrict access where necessary.
• involve the upstream provider; or
• take other action permitted under applicable agreements.

Hostwover does not ordinarily administer the Customer's files or application content on a self-managed server.

Where material is hosted directly within a Hostwover-controlled Web Hosting Service, Hostwover may have greater technical ability to disable specific hosted content.

If a domain registered through Hostwover points to content hosted by another provider, Hostwover may not be the appropriate party to remove the content.

The complainant may be directed to the actual:

• hosting provider.
• platform provider.
• CDN.
• website operator; or
• other responsible service provider.

Registering a domain through Hostwover does not mean Hostwover hosts the website accessible through that domain.

Copyright complaints concerning website content should generally be directed to the provider controlling the actual content.

Where United States copyright law applies, certain online service providers may use the notice-and-takedown framework established by 17 U.S.C. §512.

The U.S. Copyright Office describes Section 512 as providing specified safe harbors for qualifying online service providers subject to applicable conditions, including notice-and-takedown procedures.

Nothing in this Policy represents that Hostwover:

• qualifies for every Section 512 safe harbor.
• has completed every DMCA requirement.
• has registered a DMCA Designated Agent.
• is subject to United States law for every Service; or
• accepts every complaint as a formal DMCA notification.

Those questions depend on Hostwover's current legal and operational circumstances.

A provider seeking certain Section 512 protections must designate an agent to receive qualifying infringement notices and counter-notifications according to applicable U.S. requirements.

Hostwover will publish designated-agent details if and when Hostwover maintains such a registration.

Submitting a copyright complaint to Hostwover Support does not, by itself, mean that the support address is a registered DMCA Designated Agent.

Until Hostwover expressly publishes a registered agent, the address provided in this Policy should be treated as Hostwover's general intellectual property reporting channel.

Where a complainant intends a submission to qualify as a U.S. DMCA takedown notice, the notice should contain the information required by applicable law.

Section 512 generally requires elements including identification of the copyrighted work, identification and location of the allegedly infringing material, complainant contact information, required good-faith and accuracy statements, and a physical or electronic signature.

Where applicable, a claimant should ensure the notice contains the legally required statements concerning:

• good-faith belief that the complained-of use is unauthorized; and
• accuracy and authority to act for the rights holder.

Hostwover does not provide legal advice regarding preparation of a DMCA notice.

Persons submitting DMCA notices or counter-notifications should ensure their statements are accurate.

United States copyright law includes potential consequences for certain knowing material misrepresentations made in connection with Section 512 notices or counter-notifications.

Where material is removed or disabled pursuant to an applicable DMCA process, the affected Customer may have a statutory right to submit a qualifying counter-notification.

The U.S. Copyright Office explains that Section 512 provides a counter-notification mechanism through which affected users can contest certain removals.

Where applicable, a counter-notification must contain the elements required by governing law.

These generally include:

• physical or electronic signature.
• identification of removed or disabled material.
• its previous location.
• the required statement under penalty of perjury.
• applicable jurisdiction/service-of-process consent; and
• appropriate contact information.

Where a valid Section 512 counter-notification process applies, restoration timing and procedure will be governed by applicable law.

Hostwover will not restore material where:

• legally prohibited.
• a qualifying court action prevents restoration.
• another independent violation exists.
• provider requirements prohibit restoration; or
• the Service has otherwise been lawfully terminated.

A successful copyright counter-notification does not prevent Hostwover from restricting content for an independent reason under:

• Acceptable Use Policy.
• fraud rules.
• malware rules.
• applicable law.
• provider requirements; or
• another Hostwover agreement.

Trademark rights may protect words, names, logos, symbols, designs, or other identifiers used to distinguish the source of goods or services.

The scope of protection depends on applicable law and circumstances.

Hostwover accepts good-faith complaints alleging unlawful use of:

• registered trademarks.
• service marks.
• trade names.
• logos.
• well-known marks; or
• other protectable source identifiers.

A trademark complaint should identify:

• the trademark.
• rights holder.
• registration number where applicable.
• registration jurisdiction.
• goods or services associated with the mark.
• allegedly infringing material.
• exact URLs or locations.
• explanation of the alleged infringement.
• complainant contact information; and
• requested action.

Where applicable law recognizes unregistered trademark rights, Hostwover may consider appropriate evidence of such rights.

The absence of a registration number does not necessarily resolve the legal issue.

Applicable trademark law may provide special protection for qualifying well-known trademarks.

Egyptian Law No. 82 of 2002 includes provisions concerning protection of well-known marks in qualifying circumstances.

The mere fact that:

• two businesses use similar words.
• a website mentions a brand.
• a domain contains a trademark; or
• a product is compared with another product

does not automatically establish trademark infringement.

Context and applicable law matter.

Use of a trademark to truthfully:

• identify a product.
• compare services.
• provide support.
• describe compatibility.
• review a product.
• report news; or
• refer to a trademark owner

may raise issues different from use falsely suggesting affiliation.

Hostwover may decline to adjudicate legitimate disputes concerning such uses.

Trademark complaints involving:

• parody.
• criticism.
• commentary.
• fan sites.
• review sites; or
• non-commercial discussion

may require contextual legal analysis.

Hostwover does not automatically remove such content based solely on a trademark complaint.

Where a website uses a trademark in connection with allegedly counterfeit products, Hostwover may request evidence concerning:

• trademark rights.
• authenticity.
• goods offered.
• relevant URLs.
• seller identity; and
• alleged counterfeiting.

A site falsely presenting itself as an official brand website for purposes such as:

• phishing.
• credential theft.
• payment fraud; or
• impersonation

may also violate the Hostwover Acceptable Use Policy and Abuse Handling Policy independently of trademark law.

Hostwover may remove or restrict content where infringement is sufficiently clear and Hostwover has authority to act.

For complex or genuinely disputed trademark cases, Hostwover may require an appropriate legal determination rather than deciding ownership itself.

A trademark complaint involving a domain name is different from a complaint about content hosted on a website.

Hostwover will not ordinarily transfer, cancel, or reassign a registered domain merely because a trademark owner sends Hostwover a complaint.

The Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy ("UDRP") provides a recognized administrative framework for qualifying trademark-based disputes involving applicable domains.

WIPO describes the UDRP as a mechanism for resolving disputes between trademark owners and domain registrants regarding abusive registration and use of domain names.

For applicable UDRP complaints, a complainant generally must establish the elements required by the UDRP, including issues concerning:

• similarity to a trademark.
• registrant rights or legitimate interests; and
• bad-faith registration and use.

Hostwover does not decide those elements merely because it receives a trademark complaint.

A trademark owner seeking transfer or cancellation under the UDRP should use an approved dispute-resolution provider.

WIPO is one provider administering UDRP domain proceedings.

ICANN's UDRP framework provides that trademark-based domain disputes may also be resolved through agreement, court proceedings, or other appropriate legal mechanisms.

Country-code domains may use their own dispute procedures.

A ccTLD may:

• adopt the UDRP.
• use a modified UDRP procedure.
• use an entirely different procedure; or
• require court proceedings.

The relevant registry's rules control.

Trademark claims seeking transfer, cancellation, or legal control of a domain are primarily governed by the Hostwover Domain Dispute Policy.

Even while domain ownership remains disputed, Hostwover may separately address content that violates:

• copyright rules.
• Acceptable Use Policy.
• fraud rules.
• phishing rules.
• malware rules; or
• applicable law.

Suspension of a domain or website does not grant ownership of the domain to the complainant.

Where Hostwover supplies a domain through an upstream registrar, registrar-level action may require involvement of the Sponsoring Registrar.

Hostwover cannot exercise authority it does not possess.

Some domain-related actions may require action by the applicable registry.

Hostwover may escalate appropriate requests through its upstream provider.

Where allegedly infringing content is hosted through infrastructure under Hostwover's control, Hostwover may investigate the complaint under this Policy.

Where Hostwover provides only:

• domain registration.
• DNS.
• email.
• unrelated server services; or
• another service not hosting the complained-of content,

Hostwover may direct the complainant to the actual hosting provider.

Where a third-party CDN, reverse proxy, or security service masks the underlying hosting provider, the complainant remains responsible for identifying the appropriate party where reasonably possible.

Hostwover may identify internally which Customer account is associated with a complained-of Service.

Hostwover will not automatically disclose non-public Customer information to the complainant.

Where appropriate, Hostwover may forward an intellectual property complaint to the affected Customer.

The forwarded notice may include:

• complaint.
• supporting evidence.
• affected URLs.
• requested action; and
• response deadline.

A complainant should assume that information necessary to allow the Customer to understand and respond to the claim may be shared with the affected Customer.

Complainants should avoid including unnecessary:

• identification documents.
• payment information.
• private addresses.
• passwords.
• authentication credentials; or
• unrelated confidential information.

The Customer may respond with information showing:

• ownership.
• license.
• permission.
• fair use or equivalent defense.
• incorrect identification.
• mistaken URL.
• independent creation.
• lawful resale.
• exhaustion.
• nominative use; or
• another relevant defense.

Hostwover cannot guarantee that a Customer will respond to a forwarded complaint.

Failure to respond may be considered when Hostwover determines whether operational action is appropriate.

It does not by itself constitute a final judicial finding of infringement.

Hostwover may take stronger action against Customers who repeatedly use Hostwover Services for verified or well-supported intellectual property infringement.

Measures may include:

• warnings.
• content restrictions.
• suspension.
• termination.
• non-renewal.
• account restrictions; or
• other proportionate action.

Hostwover may consider:

• number of complaints.
• validity of complaints.
• Customer responses.
• legal outcomes.
• repeated conduct.
• type of infringement.
• remediation.
• intentionality; and
• circumstances surrounding each case.

A clearly invalid or fraudulent complaint should not ordinarily be counted as a verified infringement event.

Where Section 512 applies and Hostwover seeks the applicable safe harbor, U.S. law may require adoption and reasonable implementation of a policy for terminating repeat infringers in appropriate circumstances.

Hostwover will maintain any additional procedures necessary where that legal framework applies.

Hostwover Services must not knowingly be used primarily to unlawfully distribute:

• cracked software.
• unauthorized license keys.
• pirated commercial applications.
• circumvention tools where unlawful; or
• unauthorized copies of copyrighted software.

Use, redistribution, or modification of open-source software is governed by the applicable license.

A complaint alleging violation of an open-source license should identify:

• software.
• license.
• alleged violation; and
• affected material.

Disputes between:

• employers and developers.
• clients and agencies.
• business partners.
• contractors.
• founders; or
• former employees

concerning ownership of source code may require contractual or judicial resolution.

Hostwover generally does not determine ownership of disputed source code.

Copyright complaints concerning photographs, graphics, artwork, or other images should identify the original work and the exact allegedly infringing copy.

The Customer may have obtained lawful rights through:

• stock photography services.
• commercial licenses.
• Creative Commons licenses; or
• another licensing arrangement.

Hostwover may request evidence where appropriate.

Complaints involving video should identify the specific:

• video.
• URL.
• copyrighted work.
• relevant portion; and
• rights holder.

Music-related complaints should identify the rights being asserted where appropriate, such as rights relating to:

• composition.
• sound recording.
• performance; or
• another protected interest.

A Hostwover Customer may operate a platform containing content uploaded by the Customer's own users.

The Customer may have independent legal obligations concerning intellectual property complaints submitted to that platform.

Providing hosting or infrastructure does not necessarily make Hostwover the operator of the Customer's website or platform.

Complaints should generally first be directed to the party with direct control over the content where appropriate.

Hostwover may receive complaints concerning:

• counterfeit goods.
• unauthorized product photographs.
• copied product descriptions.
• trademark misuse.
• pirated digital goods; or
• other alleged IP infringement.

Customers operating marketplaces or ecommerce stores are responsible for the legality of products and content offered through their Services.

Where a Customer operates a multi-seller marketplace, Hostwover may ask the complainant to use the Customer's own intellectual property-reporting process first where reasonable.

A complete copyright complaint should generally include:

1. complainant's name.
2. contact details.
3. copyrighted work.
4. rights holder.
5. specific allegedly infringing material.
6. exact URL or location.
7. explanation of the complaint.
8. confirmation of authority.
9. good-faith statement; and
10. signature where applicable.

A complete trademark complaint should generally include:

1. complainant's name.
2. contact information.
3. trademark owner.
4. trademark.
5. registration information where available.
6. relevant jurisdiction.
7. relevant goods/services.
8. exact allegedly infringing material.
9. explanation of confusion or infringement.
10. requested action; and
11. evidence of authority.

Information submitted to Hostwover must be materially accurate to the best of the complainant's knowledge.

Where an applicable law requires declarations:

• under penalty of perjury.
• concerning good faith.
• regarding accuracy; or
• regarding authority,

the complainant is responsible for including the required language.

Hostwover may accept a physical or electronic signature where appropriate.

Hostwover may request additional information where a complaint is incomplete.

Hostwover may be unable to act until sufficient information is supplied.

Statements such as:

• "this website stole my content".
• "this domain violates my brand".
• "they copied my company".
• "remove this website immediately"

without supporting detail may be insufficient.

Automated intellectual property complaints may be reviewed, but automated identification alone does not conclusively establish infringement.

Bulk complaints should clearly map each protected work or trademark to the relevant allegedly infringing material.

Hostwover may initially determine:

• whether the Service belongs to Hostwover.
• whether Hostwover controls the content.
• whether sufficient evidence exists.
• whether the complaint is copyright or trademark related.
• whether another provider should receive the complaint.
• whether immediate action is necessary; and
• what procedure applies.

Hostwover may create an internal case containing:

• complaint.
• affected Service.
• claimant information.
• Customer information.
• evidence.
• communications.
• decisions.
• provider escalation; and
• resolution.

Hostwover may prioritize cases involving:

• large-scale piracy.
• counterfeit fraud.
• phishing combined with trademark impersonation.
• repeated infringement.
• binding legal orders; or
• other serious circumstances.

Hostwover does not promise that every intellectual property complaint will be resolved within the same fixed period.

The time required may depend on:

• complexity.
• evidence.
• Customer response.
• legal issues.
• third-party providers.
• jurisdiction; and
• requested remedy.

A complainant may request reasonable information about whether the complaint has been reviewed.

Hostwover may be unable to disclose confidential Customer or investigation information.

Possible outcomes include:

• no action.
• request for further evidence.
• forwarding to Customer.
• voluntary Customer removal.
• content restriction.
• Service suspension.
• referral to another provider.
• referral to a domain-dispute procedure.
• restoration after a valid response.
• termination for repeated infringement; or
• another appropriate outcome.

Hostwover Services may depend on:

• hosting providers.
• data centers.
• cloud providers.
• domain registrars.
• domain registries.
• email providers.
• software vendors.
• Google.
• CDN providers; or
• other third parties.

Hostwover may send an intellectual property complaint and relevant evidence to an upstream provider where that provider controls the affected infrastructure.

An upstream provider may independently:

• investigate.
• restrict.
• suspend.
• remove.
• terminate; or
• decline action.

Hostwover cannot guarantee the provider's decision.

Hostwover may share information reasonably necessary to process an IP complaint with:

• Customer.
• rights holder.
• provider.
• registrar.
• registry.
• legal adviser.
• court.
• law-enforcement body; or
• other appropriate party.

Such processing remains subject to applicable privacy requirements.

Knowingly submitting false intellectual property complaints is prohibited.

The complaint process must not be used primarily to:

• censor lawful criticism.
• disrupt a competitor.
• seize a domain without proper process.
• harass a Customer.
• obtain confidential information.
• pressure a commercial counterparty; or
• remove lawful content through deception.

Submitting forged:

• trademark certificates.
• copyright registrations.
• court orders.
• authorizations.
• contracts; or
• identity documents

may result in rejection of the complaint and other appropriate action.

Hostwover may restrict communications from persons who repeatedly submit knowingly false, fraudulent, or abusive complaints.

Legitimate future legal notices may still be processed as required.

Customers may contest an intellectual property complaint by providing relevant evidence.

A Customer may explain, for example, that:

• it owns the work.
• it has a license.
• permission was granted.
• the material was independently created.
• the complainant identified the wrong content.
• applicable exception applies; or
• another legal basis permits the use.

A Customer may explain, for example, that:

• it owns rights in the mark.
• it has authorization.
• use is descriptive.
• use is nominative.
• there is no likelihood of confusion.
• the content is commentary or parody.
• the complaint concerns another party; or
• another defense applies.

If both parties provide credible evidence supporting genuinely disputed legal positions, Hostwover may maintain a neutral operational position and direct the parties to formal dispute resolution.

Hostwover will review apparently valid court orders requiring action regarding allegedly infringing material or Services.

Hostwover may verify:

• authenticity.
• court.
• issuing authority.
• jurisdiction.
• scope.
• affected Service; and
• requested action.

Where legally required, Hostwover may remove, restrict, transfer, preserve, or otherwise act concerning Services specified in a binding court order.

Orders seeking domain transfer or ownership changes may require implementation through the Sponsoring Registrar or registry.

A letter from a lawyer is not automatically equivalent to a court order.

Hostwover may consider the letter but does not automatically treat its requested action as legally binding.

Hostwover may process complainant information for purposes of:

• investigation.
• verification.
• communication.
• legal compliance.
• case management; and
• dispute resolution.

Hostwover will not disclose non-public Customer information solely because a person submits an IP complaint.

Disclosure requires an appropriate legal, contractual, or operational basis.

Personal Data handled through IP complaints is subject to the Hostwover Privacy Policy and Privacy & Data Protection Policy.

Hostwover may retain intellectual property complaint records where reasonably necessary for:

• repeat-infringer evaluation.
• legal compliance.
• dispute resolution.
• fraud prevention.
• litigation.
• provider obligations; or
• protection of Hostwover's legal rights.

Complainants and Customers should avoid unnecessarily submitting:

• trade secrets.
• entire proprietary source-code repositories.
• unreleased works.
• private financial information; or
• other confidential information

when limited evidence would be sufficient.

Hostwover may restore content that was previously restricted where:

• the complaint is withdrawn.
• the complainant confirms authorization.
• a valid counter-notification process requires restoration.
• a court determines the material may remain.
• Hostwover determines the complaint was invalid; or
• another appropriate basis exists.

Content will not necessarily be restored where an independent violation of Hostwover policy exists.

A copyright or trademark complaint being withdrawn does not automatically require restoration of a domain affected by:

• registrar restrictions.
• registry restrictions.
• DNS abuse.
• fraud.
• court orders.
• UDRP.
• URS; or
• another independent action.

Hostwover may terminate a Service where it is intentionally and predominantly used for substantial intellectual property infringement.

Repeated verified violations may result in termination of:

• affected Service.
• related Services; or
• Customer account

where proportionate and permitted by applicable law and agreement.

Creating new Hostwover accounts primarily to evade intellectual property enforcement may result in additional restrictions.

Hostwover will not automatically terminate unrelated Services merely because one Service is subject to an infringement complaint.

Broader action may be taken where abuse is widespread or deliberate.

Suspension or termination due to intellectual property infringement does not automatically create a right to a refund.

Refund eligibility remains governed by the Hostwover Refund Policy and applicable law.

Fees associated with:

• domain registration.
• renewal.
• restoration.
• UDRP.
• legal proceedings; or
• other external disputes

are not automatically refundable because an IP complaint exists.

Unless otherwise stated, Hostwover or its licensors own applicable rights in original content created for Hostwover, including potentially:

• website text.
• graphics.
• user interfaces.
• software.
• branding.
• documentation.
• illustrations.
• marketing materials.
• code; and
• other original works.

Hostwover names, logos, marks, branding elements, and related source identifiers may be protected by applicable trademark, unfair competition, copyright, or other laws.

Use of Hostwover Services does not grant Customers ownership of Hostwover intellectual property.

Customers may truthfully refer to Hostwover when describing:

• Services they use.
• interoperability.
• commercial relationship; or
• factual information,

provided the reference does not falsely imply sponsorship, partnership, authorization, or endorsement.

Customers must not use Hostwover branding to falsely represent that they are:

• Hostwover.
• an official Hostwover branch.
• Hostwover employees.
• authorized representatives.
• accredited partners; or
• another officially endorsed party

unless authorized.

Use of the Hostwover logo for promotional or commercial purposes may require Hostwover's permission.

Limited use of screenshots of Hostwover interfaces for:

• education.
• review.
• commentary.
• troubleshooting; or
• news reporting

may be permissible according to applicable law.

Nothing in this Policy grants broader rights than applicable law provides.

Systematic unauthorized copying of Hostwover's website, branding, or proprietary material may result in enforcement action where appropriate.

Fraudulent use of Hostwover branding to steal:

• credentials.
• payments.
• Customer information; or
• authentication data

should be reported immediately under the Hostwover Abuse Handling Policy.

Persons discovering websites impersonating Hostwover may report them through Hostwover Support.

Hostwover does not represent that it continuously reviews every item of Customer Content for potential intellectual property infringement.

Customers remain responsible for ensuring they have appropriate rights to content they:

• upload.
• host.
• display.
• distribute.
• transmit.
• sell; or
• otherwise use through Hostwover Services.

Customers should maintain documentation supporting important licenses or permissions where appropriate.

Using content found publicly on the internet does not automatically mean the content is free from copyright or trademark restrictions.

The use of AI-generated content does not automatically guarantee that the resulting material is free from third-party intellectual property claims.

Customers remain responsible for evaluating their use of generated content.

Customers using:

• stock photographs.
• website templates.
• fonts.
• icons.
• themes.
• plugins.
• music.
• videos; or
• other licensed assets

must comply with the relevant license terms.

Until Hostwover establishes a dedicated intellectual-property contact, complaints may be submitted to:

Hostwover Support

Email: [email protected]

Website: hostwover.com

Use a clear subject such as:

Copyright Complaint – [Domain / URL]

or

Trademark Complaint – [Domain / URL]

A copyright complaint should include:

• Rights Holder: Name of copyright owner.
• Authorized Representative: If applicable.
• Copyrighted Work: Clear identification of the protected work.
• Infringing Material: Exact URL or location.
• Explanation: Why the complained-of material is believed to infringe.
• Contact Information: Email and other appropriate contact details.
• Authority Statement: Confirmation that the reporter owns the relevant rights or is authorized to act.
• Good-Faith Statement: Any statement required under applicable law.
• Signature: Physical or electronic signature where required.

A trademark complaint should include:

• Trademark Owner: Name of owner.
• Trademark: Word, logo, or mark.
• Registration Number: Where applicable.
• Registration Jurisdiction: Country or trademark authority.
• Goods/Services: Relevant registered or protected categories.
• Complained-of Material: Exact domain, URL, page, product, or content.
• Explanation: Why the use allegedly infringes the trademark.
• Requested Action: What the complainant is requesting.
• Contact Information: Valid contact details.
• Authority: Evidence of authorization where the complaint is submitted by a representative.

If the requested remedy is:

• transfer of a domain.
• cancellation of a domain.
• change of registrant; or
• ownership of the domain,

the complainant should review the Hostwover Domain Dispute Policy and the applicable UDRP, ccTLD, registrar, registry, or court procedure.

Where Hostwover has removed material under a process that legally permits a counter-notification, the affected Customer may submit the counter-notification through the contact method identified in Hostwover's removal notice.

If a formal DMCA Designated Agent applies, the counter-notification must be sent through the appropriate designated-agent process.

Hostwover may establish an address such as:

[email protected]

or

[email protected]

for intellectual property matters.

Once officially published, the dedicated address may replace the general support channel for applicable complaints.

Creation of an email address named `[email protected]` or similar does not, by itself, satisfy any requirement to designate a DMCA agent under United States law.

If Hostwover seeks Section 512 treatment requiring a Designated Agent, Hostwover should complete the applicable U.S. Copyright Office designation process and publish the correct information.

Use of Hostwover Services for unlawful intellectual property infringement may independently violate the Hostwover Acceptable Use Policy.

Complaints involving:

• phishing.
• fraud.
• malware.
• counterfeiting associated with fraud.
• impersonation.
• DNS abuse; or
• similar harmful conduct

may also be processed under the Abuse Handling Policy.

Trademark-based claims seeking ownership or transfer of a domain are primarily handled under the Domain Dispute Policy and applicable external dispute procedures.

Personal Data processed during intellectual property investigations remains subject to the Hostwover Privacy & Data Protection framework.

Ordinary Customer questions concerning an IP complaint may be handled through Customer Support, while the substantive complaint remains governed by this Policy.

Violation of applicable intellectual property laws or this Policy may also constitute a violation of the Hostwover Terms of Service.

Hostwover does not provide legal advice to:

• complainants.
• Customers.
• trademark owners.
• copyright owners; or
• domain registrants

through this Policy.

Persons uncertain about:

• copyright ownership.
• fair use.
• trademark infringement.
• jurisdiction.
• UDRP.
• damages.
• counter-notifications; or
• litigation

should consider obtaining independent legal advice.

Customers receiving an intellectual property complaint should seek independent legal advice where appropriate.

Hostwover does not award damages in intellectual property disputes.

Hostwover does not determine what financial compensation one private party owes another unless required by a binding legal process involving Hostwover.

Hostwover's decision to:

• remove.
• restrict.
• restore.
• forward.
• escalate; or
• take no action

is an operational decision concerning Hostwover Services.

It is not necessarily a final legal determination of infringement or non-infringement.

Hostwover may make reasonable decisions based on the information available at the time.

A decision may be reconsidered if new evidence becomes available.

Hostwover may be required to act according to mandatory requirements imposed by:

• registrar.
• registry.
• infrastructure provider.
• court.
• applicable law; or
• another service provider.

Hostwover is not required to continue providing a Service where doing so would create unacceptable legal or provider risk.

Submitting a complaint does not guarantee:

• removal.
• suspension.
• domain transfer.
• account termination.
• disclosure of Customer information; or
• another requested outcome.

Submitting a response or counter-notice does not guarantee restoration where another lawful basis for restriction exists.

Hostwover may update this Policy to reflect:

• legal changes.
• copyright-law developments.
• trademark-law developments.
• provider requirements.
• domain-policy changes.
• new Services.
• new complaint procedures; or
• operational improvements.

Applicable mandatory law will control where it conflicts with this Policy.

The current rules of an applicable:

• UDRP provider.
• registrar.
• registry.
• court.
• government body; or
• copyright authority

control the external proceeding even if this Policy has not yet been updated to reflect a recent procedural change.

Hostwover may apply the version of this Policy and external legal procedures appropriate to the relevant complaint and timing.

If any provision of this Policy is determined to be invalid or unenforceable, the remaining provisions will continue to apply to the maximum extent permitted by law.

Hostwover's decision not to take action in one case does not waive its right to act in another case.

Hostwover may provide translated versions of this Policy.

Where legally permitted and unless Hostwover expressly states otherwise, the English version will control in the event of a material inconsistency between translations.

For purposes of this Policy:

• "Complainant" means a person or organization submitting an intellectual property complaint.
• "Copyright" means copyright and related rights recognized under applicable law.
• "Copyrighted Work" means a work protected by applicable copyright law.
• "Customer" means a person or entity purchasing, controlling, administering, or using a Hostwover Service.
• "DMCA" means the United States Digital Millennium Copyright Act where applicable.
• "Hostwover Service" means a service provided, sold, resold, managed, or made available through Hostwover.
• "Intellectual Property" or "IP" means applicable legally protected rights in creations, identifiers, content, or other protected subject matter.
• "Rights Holder" means a person or entity owning or authorized to enforce an intellectual property right.
• "Sponsoring Registrar" means the registrar responsible for sponsorship of a domain registration at the applicable registry.
• "Trademark" includes qualifying trademarks, service marks, trade names, logos, or equivalent source identifiers protected under applicable law.
• "UDRP" means the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy where applicable.

Hostwover's intellectual property complaint process is guided by these principles:

1. Hostwover respects legitimate copyright and trademark rights.
2. Complaints should identify the specific allegedly infringing material.
3. Complainants should have a good-faith basis for their allegations.
4. A complaint does not automatically establish infringement.
5. Customers should have a reasonable opportunity to respond where appropriate.
6. Clearly unlawful infringement may result in restriction or removal.
7. Hostwover will seek to use proportionate action where practical.
8. Complex private legal disputes may require courts or specialized procedures.
9. Copyright and trademark complaints are legally distinct and may require different handling.
10. Trademark complaints do not automatically transfer domain ownership.
11. Applicable domain disputes should use the UDRP, relevant ccTLD procedure, court, or other recognized mechanism.
12. Customer information will not be disclosed merely because an IP complaint was filed.
13. Repeated infringement may result in stronger enforcement.
14. False or abusive complaints are prohibited.
15. Hostwover will not falsely represent that it has a registered DMCA Designated Agent unless such registration has actually been completed.
16. Upstream providers may need to handle complaints concerning infrastructure they control.
17. Hostwover may cooperate with binding court orders and legally recognized dispute procedures.
18. Operational action by Hostwover is not necessarily a judicial determination of infringement.
19. Applicable mandatory law takes precedence over this Policy.
20. Customers remain responsible for ensuring that content used through their Services is appropriately authorized.

Intellectual property complaints may currently be submitted to:

Hostwover Support

Email: [email protected]

Website: hostwover.com

Please use an appropriate subject:

Copyright Complaint – [Domain / URL]

or

Trademark Complaint – [Domain / URL]

Include sufficient evidence for Hostwover to identify and review the complaint.

Do not send:

• passwords.
• Auth/EPP codes.
• private keys.
• authentication codes.
• complete payment-card information; or
• unnecessary confidential information.

This Trademark & Copyright Policy becomes effective on the date stated above and applies to Hostwover Services that reference or incorporate this Policy.

END OF TRADEMARK & COPYRIGHT POLICY